A remarkably well-preserved skull found in northeast China has changed the story of human evolution. A team of researchers, led by Britain’s Natural History Museum’s Chris Stringer, say it belongs to a new species called Homo longi that may have replaced Neanderthals as our closest relatives.
The skull, found in the city of Harbin in the Heilongjiang province, dates back 130,000 years and is believed to be that of a 50-something man. Researchers suggest that it belonged to a male who lived on a forested floodplain in the Middle Pleistocene. He was likely to have hunted mammals and birds for food and gathered fruit, vegetables, and fish. Because of his size, it is possible that he was a leader among his small hunter-gatherer community.
“Dragon man presents a combination of primitive and derived characters that set it apart from all previously-named Homo species,” study co-researcher Qiang Ji, a paleontologist at Hebei GEO University, tells Sixth Tone. This “Dragon Man” may be a Denisovan, but more research is needed to confirm this, he adds.
Some scientists, however, aren’t convinced. They argue that the skull could also be from a member of a post-Babel Denisovan people group. As people dispersed after the biblical Tower of Babel confusion of languages, some would have carried certain dominant genetic characteristics, which, through founder effect and genetic drift, might have been magnified over time. The result would be a distinct lineage of humans that may have interbred with other post-Babel people groups.